Kleine Feldhofer Grotte

The Kleine Feldhofer Grotte was a karst Kalksteinhöhle (limestone cave) in the Neanderthal where bones of at least three Neanderthal individuals were excavated in 1856.

Mettmann

The Kleine Feldhofer Grotte was a karst Kalksteinhöhle (limestone cave) in the Neanderthal where bones of at least three Neanderthal individuals were excavated in 1856.

特征

• 类型: 洞穴
• 市镇: Mettmann
• 记录更新: 2026年11月13日

洞穴是受保护的生境（§30 BNatSchG）。蝙蝠用作越冬场所的洞穴，每年10月1日至3月31日禁止进入（§39(6) BNatSchG），但观光洞穴及其已开发部分除外。

位置

The Kleine Feldhofer Grotte was located in the Neanderthal in western Germany. The cave was in a limestone gorge; the entrance lay 1 m above the valley floor in the southern wall, which was 50 m high. The cave took its name from the nearby large farmstead “Feldhof”.

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1. Kleine Feldhofer Grotte

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Unknown author Unknown author · Public Domain Mark 1.0, https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ · Wikimedia Commons · https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kleine_Feldhofer_Grotte.jpg

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描述

形态

The Kleine Feldhofer Grotte was a karst Kalksteinhöhle (limestone cave) with interior dimensions of 3 m width, 5 m length and 3 m height.

其他详情

The cave was destroyed in the 19th century by industrial limestone quarrying, which widened the gorge. The site of the cave soon fell into oblivion and was unknown around 1900. In 1997, during a successful search for the site of the cave and its deposits, 24 human bone fragments were found, one of which, identified as “NN 13”, fitted exactly onto the left lateral femur. During the excavation in 2000, thousands of artifacts were recovered.

历史

In August 1856, bones of Neanderthal specimens were excavated in the cave (→ Neandertal 1). Miners of the Mettmann quarry owner Wilhelm Beckershoff excavated a skullcap and a series of skeletal bones that were to be designated as Neanderthal.

生物

The bones belong to at least three different individuals. The mitochondrial DNA of two bone samples was completely sequenced and completed in 2009.

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来源：Wikidata – cave items (Germany)（www.wikidata.org），已修改。 CC0 1.0, https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ Wikidata (CC0 1.0) · 2026年数据 · 来源：German Wikipedia – article leads (cave descriptions)（de.wikipedia.org），已修改。 CC BY-SA 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ Wikipedia contributors (de.wikipedia.org), CC BY-SA 4.0 · 文本作者：Wikipedia contributors (Kleine Feldhofer Grotte) · 由 Espeleoworld 改编（规范化、翻译）；改编内容依据 CC BY-SA 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ 许可 · 描述 · 获取于 2026-11-13 · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kleine_Feldhofer_Grotte · 2026年数据